無刷永磁電機型號采用(yong)永磁(ci)體勵磁(ci)，減(jian)少了勵磁(ci)繞組、電(dian)刷(shua)、集(ji)電(dian)環結構，避免了傳統勵磁(ci)式發電(dian)機勵磁(ci)繞組易(yi)燒毀、斷線(xian)，電(dian)刷(shua)、集(ji)電(dian)環易(yi)磨損等故障，使用(yong)性能(neng)更可靠。

無刷永磁電機型號特點

1、改變了機械裝備的傳動模式，將永磁電機與機械負載融為一體，簡化機械裝備的傳動鏈，減掉傳統低速機械運行所需的龐大復雜的齒輪減速機，可減少許多制造成本與人力成本。
2、提供機械裝備傳動效率，永磁電機與異步電動機相比，本身效率與功率因數等力能指標有明顯的優越性，再加上取消了機械裝備的中間環節，大幅度的提供了傳動鏈的效率。
3、采用(yong)變頻起(qi)動，系統(tong)帶載起(qi)動能力強，切降低(di)了(le)(le)大(da)的起(qi)動點了(le)(le)給電網帶來的沖擊(ji)，同時也降低(di)了(le)(le)傳動系統(tong)的機械沖擊(ji)。

轉子不(bu)存在(zai)勵磁(ci)繞組、電刷、集(ji)電環等損(sun)耗部件(jian)，效率得(de)到明(ming)顯(xian)提高(gao)，功(gong)率因(yin)數(shu)可(ke)(ke)維(wei)持在(zai)0.95以(yi)上，在(zai)負載波動的(de)情(qing)(qing)況下可(ke)(ke)維(wei)持較(jiao)高(gao)力能水平，對于該裝備容(rong)量(liang)與負載匹(pi)配(pei)情(qing)(qing)況，綜合節電率可(ke)(ke)達(da)15%以(yi)上。

高速永磁電機

結構

永磁(ci)(ci)無(wu)刷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)可以看做是一臺用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)換向(xiang)裝置(zhi)取代機(ji)(ji)械(xie)換向(xiang)的直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)，主(zhu)要由(you)同步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)本體(ti)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)逆變器(qi)、轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)位置(zhi)檢測器(qi)和控制器(qi)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。其中，同步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)的轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)主(zhu)要由(you)永磁(ci)(ci)體(ti)和導(dao)磁(ci)(ci)體(ti)等構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。 [1]  如圖1所示，永磁(ci)(ci)直流(liu)無(wu)刷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)主(zhu)要由(you)永磁(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)本體(ti)、轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)位置(zhi)傳感器(qi)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)換向(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。無(wu)論是結(jie)構(gou)或(huo)控制方式(shi)，永磁(ci)(ci)直流(liu)無(wu)刷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)與傳統的直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)都有(you)很多(duo)相(xiang)似之處(chu)：用裝有(you)永磁(ci)(ci)體(ti)的轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)取代有(you)刷直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)的定(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)磁(ci)(ci)極；用具有(you)多(duo)相(xiang)繞組(zu)的定(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)取代電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞(shu)；用由(you)固態逆變器(qi)和軸位置(zhi)檢測器(qi)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)換向(xiang)器(qi)取代機(ji)(ji)械(xie)換向(xiang)器(qi)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷。

電動機本體

電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)體和(he)永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)同(tong)步電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)（PMSM）相(xiang)(xiang)似，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)采用(yong)(yong)永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)，多使用(yong)(yong)稀土永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)材料，但(dan)沒有籠式(shi)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)和(he)其他啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置。其定(ding)(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)采用(yong)(yong)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)行(xing)(xing)駛(shi)，一般支(zhi)撐(cheng)多相(xiang)(xiang)（三(san)相(xiang)(xiang)、四(si)相(xiang)(xiang)或五相(xiang)(xiang)），轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)由(you)永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)鋼按(an)(an)一定(ding)(ding)(ding)極對數（2P=2,4,6…）組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。設計(ji)中要求在定(ding)(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)中獲得頂(ding)寬為120°的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)梯形(xing)波，因此繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)行(xing)(xing)駛(shi)往往采用(yong)(yong)整距、集(ji)中或接近整距、集(ji)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式(shi)，以(yi)便保(bao)留磁(ci)(ci)(ci)密中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其他諧波。有刷直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)依靠(kao)(kao)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)換(huan)(huan)(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)將(jiang)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)(huan)(huan)位近似梯形(xing)波的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)供(gong)給電(dian)(dian)(dian)樞(shu)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)，而無刷直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)依靠(kao)(kao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)將(jiang)方波電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)按(an)(an)一定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)序(xu)逐次(ci)輸入(ru)到定(ding)(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)相(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樞(shu)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)中。當無刷直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)定(ding)(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)某相(xiang)(xiang)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)時，該相(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場與(yu)(yu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)較久磁(ci)(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)所產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場相(xiang)(xiang)互作用(yong)(yong)而產生(sheng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)矩，驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)。位置傳感器(qi)(qi)(qi)將(jiang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)鐵(tie)位置變換(huan)(huan)(huan)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)信號(hao)去(qu)控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)開(kai)關線路(lu)(lu)，從而使定(ding)(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)項繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)按(an)(an)一定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)次(ci)序(xu)導通，使定(ding)(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)隨轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)位置的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變化而按(an)(an)正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)次(ci)序(xu)換(huan)(huan)(huan)相(xiang)(xiang)。這(zhe)樣才能讓電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場隨轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)不斷地(di)變化、產生(sheng)于(yu)(yu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速同(tong)步的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場，并(bing)使定(ding)(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場與(yu)(yu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場始終保(bao)持90°左右(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空間角(jiao)，用(yong)(yong)最大轉(zhuan)(zhuan)矩推動(dong)(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)開(kai)關線路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導通次(ci)序(xu)與(yu)(yu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)角(jiao)同(tong)步，起到機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)換(huan)(huan)(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)作用(yong)(yong)，保(bao)證了電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在運行(xing)(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)中定(ding)(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)與(yu)(yu)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場始終保(bao)持基本(ben)垂直(zhi)，以(yi)提高運行(xing)(xing)效率。所以(yi)無刷直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)就其基本(ben)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構而言，可以(yi)人為是(shi)一臺由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)開(kai)關換(huan)(huan)(huan)相(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)、永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)式(shi)同(tong)步電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)及位置傳感器(qi)(qi)(qi)三(san)者組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“自(zi)同(tong)步電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)系(xi)統"，它在運行(xing)(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)中不會失步。永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)無刷電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)BLDCM 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構既有傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構，又(you)有額(e)盤(pan)式(shi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構、外轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構和(he)線性結(jie)(jie)(jie)構等新(xin)型結(jie)(jie)(jie)構形(xing)式(shi)。