永磁無刷電動機與傳統(tong)的(de)電(dian)勵磁電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)相比，永磁電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)特(te)別是(shi)稀(xi)土永磁電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)具有結(jie)構簡單(dan)、運行可靠、體積小、質量(liang)小、損耗少、效率高，以及電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的(de)形(xing)狀和尺寸可以靈活(huo)多樣等(deng)顯(xian)著優(you)點，因(yin)為應用范(fan)圍極為廣泛，幾乎遍及航天(tian)、國防(fang)、工農業生(sheng)產和日常生(sheng)活(huo)的(de)各(ge)個領域。

永磁(ci)無(wu)刷(shua)電動(dong)機采用(yong)永磁(ci)體勵磁(ci)，減(jian)少了勵磁(ci)繞(rao)組、電刷(shua)、集電環結構，避免了傳統勵磁(ci)式發電機勵磁(ci)繞(rao)組易燒(shao)毀、斷線，電刷(shua)、集電環易磨損等故障，使用(yong)性能更可靠。

永磁無刷電動機特點

1、改變了機械裝備的傳動模式，將永磁電機與機械負載融為一體，簡化機械裝備的傳動鏈，減掉傳統低速機械運行所需的龐大復雜的齒輪減速機，可減少許多制造成本與人力成本。
2、提供機械裝備傳動效率，永磁電機與異步電動機相比，本身效率與功率因數等力能指標有明顯的優越性，再加上取消了機械裝備的中間環節，大幅度的提供了傳動鏈的效率。
3、采用變頻起動，系統(tong)帶載起動能(neng)力強，切(qie)降(jiang)低(di)了(le)大(da)的起動點了(le)給電網帶來(lai)的沖(chong)擊(ji)，同時也降(jiang)低(di)了(le)傳動系統(tong)的機械沖(chong)擊(ji)。

浙江永發機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)有限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司建(jian)于1967年，是設(she)計制造各(ge)(ge)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)的(de)專業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)，公(gong)(gong)司下(xia)設(she)三(san)個(ge)生產(chan)(chan)基地和兩個(ge)中心（技術(shu)研發中心和品(pin)質管理中心），總(zong)占地面(mian)積10多萬平米(mi)，擁有各(ge)(ge)種先(xian)進加工(gong)制造設(she)備500多套，并在國內電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)行業(ye)中*建(jian)立自動化數控檢(jian)測線。公(gong)(gong)司產(chan)(chan)品(pin)有5大系列(lie)400多種規(gui)格型(xing)號，年產(chan)(chan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)能力達250萬kW，異步(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)和永磁電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)配套覆蓋于風機(ji)、水(shui)泵、機(ji)械裝備等主機(ji)行業(ye)，廣泛(fan)應用(yong)于水(shui)利、水(shui)務、印染(ran)、紡織、造紙、熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)、水(shui)泥等各(ge)(ge)個(ge)領域(yu)。

永磁無刷電動機工作原理

永磁(ci)無刷電動(dong)機的控制系統主要有永磁(ci)無刷直(zhi)流電動(dong)機、直(zhi)流電壓、逆變器(qi)、位置傳(chuan)感器(qi)和控制器(qi)幾部分(fen)組成，采(cai)用“三相六拍—120°方波(bo)型”驅動(dong)。如圖1所(suo)示。

永磁(ci)(ci)無刷(shua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)通過(guo)逆變(bian)器功(gong)率(lv)(lv)管(guan)按(an)一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)律導通、關斷，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)定(ding)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞產(chan)生(sheng)按(an)60°電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)角度不斷前進的(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)勢，帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)轉(zhuan)子旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)來實現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)。分(fen)析(xi)如圖(tu)1所示。圖(tu)1是理(li)想條件(jian)下的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞各相反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，每(mei)個功(gong)率(lv)(lv)管(guan)導通120°電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)角度，互差60°電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)角度，當功(gong)率(lv)(lv)管(guan)V3和(he)(he)V4導通時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)V和(he)(he)—U（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流流進繞組方(fang)向(xiang)(xiang)為正向(xiang)(xiang)）相通(參考圖(tu)1)。定(ding)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞合成磁(ci)(ci)勢為圖(tu)1所示的(de)(de)(de)Fa5；若(ruo)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)管(guan)V3關斷，功(gong)率(lv)(lv)管(guan)V5導通，此時電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)W相和(he)(he)—U相通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞合成磁(ci)(ci)勢變(bian)為Fa5，Fa5 比Fa4順時針(zhen)前進了60°電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)角度。

由此(ci)(ci)可知(zhi)，定(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)樞產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)將隨(sui)著功率管(guan)(guan)有規(gui)律地(di)不斷(duan)(duan)導(dao)通(tong)和關(guan)斷(duan)(duan)，并按60°電(dian)角(jiao)度不斷(duan)(duan)地(di)順(shun)(shun)時(shi)針(zhen)轉(zhuan)動。逆變器功率管(guan)(guan)共(gong)有六種(zhong)出(chu)(chu)發組(zu)合狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態，每種(zhong)出(chu)(chu)發組(zu)合狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態只有與(yu)(yu)確定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)位置或發電(dian)動機波形相對應，才(cai)能(neng)產生(sheng)(sheng)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)平均(jun)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)轉(zhuan)矩。當兩個磁(ci)(ci)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)向量的(de)(de)(de)(de)夾角(jiao)為90°是，相互作(zuo)用力最(zui)大(da)。而電(dian)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)樞產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)是以60°電(dian)角(jiao)度在(zai)前進，因(yin)此(ci)(ci)在(zai)每種(zhong)出(chu)(chu)發模式(shi)下，轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)磁(ci)(ci)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)(yu)定(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)磁(ci)(ci)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)夾角(jiao)在(zai)60°~120°范圍變化才(cai)能(neng)產生(sheng)(sheng)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)平均(jun)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)轉(zhuan)矩。如(ru)圖1所示，假如(ru)在(zai)t1時(shi)刻(ke)，轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)此(ci)(ci)時(shi)Fj處于(yu)線圈U、X平面內，且使(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)順(shun)(shun)時(shi)針(zhen)旋轉(zhuan)，此(ci)(ci)時(shi)應該導(dao)通(tong)功率管(guan)(guan)V5和V4，使(shi)(shi)定(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合成(cheng)磁(ci)(ci)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)為Fa5與(yu)(yu)Fj的(de)(de)(de)(de)夾角(jiao)成(cheng)120°。轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)在(zai)Fa5與(yu)(yu)Fj相互作(zuo)用產生(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)轉(zhuan)矩的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下順(shun)(shun)時(shi)針(zhen)旋轉(zhuan)，到t3時(shi)刻(ke)Fa5與(yu)(yu)Fj的(de)(de)(de)(de)夾角(jiao)成(cheng)60°，此(ci)(ci)時(shi)關(guan)斷(duan)(duan)功率管(guan)(guan)V4，導(dao)通(tong)功率管(guan)(guan)V6，定(ding)(ding)子(zi)(zi)合成(cheng)磁(ci)(ci)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)為Fa6，與(yu)(yu)Fj的(de)(de)(de)(de)夾角(jiao)成(cheng)120°，兩者(zhe)產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)轉(zhuan)矩使(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)進一步旋轉(zhuan)。