永磁無刷直流電機

采用(yong)永(yong)磁體勵(li)磁，減少了勵(li)磁繞(rao)組、電(dian)(dian)刷、集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)環結構，避免(mian)了傳統(tong)勵(li)磁式(shi)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機勵(li)磁繞(rao)組易燒(shao)毀、斷線，電(dian)(dian)刷、集(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)環易磨損等故(gu)障，使(shi)用(yong)性能(neng)更可靠。

轉子不存在勵(li)磁繞組、電(dian)刷、集電(dian)環等損(sun)耗(hao)部件(jian)，效率(lv)得到明(ming)顯提高，功率(lv)因數(shu)可(ke)維持(chi)在0.95以(yi)上(shang)，在負載(zai)波動的情況(kuang)下(xia)可(ke)維持(chi)較(jiao)高力(li)能水(shui)平(ping)，對(dui)于該裝備容量與負載(zai)匹配(pei)情況(kuang)，綜合節電(dian)率(lv)可(ke)達(da)15%以(yi)上(shang)。

永磁無刷直流電機

1、改變了機械裝備的傳動模式，將永磁電機與機械負載融為一體，簡化機械裝備的傳動鏈，減掉傳統低速機械運行所需的龐大復雜的齒輪減速機，可減少許多制造成本與人力成本。
2、提供機械裝備傳動效率，永磁電機與異步電動機相比，本身效率與功率因數等力能指標有明顯的優越性，再加上取消了機械裝備的中間環節，大幅度的提供了傳動鏈的效率。
3、采用變頻起動，系統帶載起動能力強，切降低了大的起動點了給電網帶來的沖擊，同時也降低了傳動系統的機械沖擊。轉子結構緊湊靈活，可提高電機的轉子表面磁場強度，進而提高轉矩密度，縮小體積和重量。

應用范圍

根據所用(yong)(yong)的永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料不同(tong)，永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)無(wu)刷(shua)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)分(fen)為鋁(lv)鎳鈷永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)、鐵(tie)(tie)氧體永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)和稀(xi)土永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)。鋁(lv)鎳鈷永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)無(wu)刷(shua)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)消(xiao)耗大量的貴重金(jin)屬、價格(ge)較高，但(dan)對(dui)高溫的適應性(xing)(xing)(xing)好，用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)環境溫度較高或對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的溫度穩定性(xing)(xing)(xing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求較高的場(chang)合。鐵(tie)(tie)氧體永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)無(wu)刷(shua)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)以廉(lian)價見長，且性(xing)(xing)(xing)能良(liang)好，廣(guang)泛(fan)(fan)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)家(jia)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器、汽(qi)車、玩具(ju)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)工(gong)具(ju)等領域。用(yong)(yong)稀(xi)土永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料作磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)極制的稀(xi)土永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)無(wu)刷(shua)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)，體積(ji)小(xiao)且性(xing)(xing)(xing)能更好，但(dan)價格(ge)昂貴，主要(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)航(hang)天、計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)、井下儀器等。但(dan)近些年出現了新(xin)一代稀(xi)土永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)—釹(nv)鐵(tie)(tie)硼永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)無(wu)刷(shua)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)，由于(yu)(yu)我國擁有(you)世界80%以上蘊(yun)藏量的釹(nv)礦資源，因此在價格(ge)上具(ju)有(you)得天獨厚的優勢(shi)，高性(xing)(xing)(xing)能釹(nv)鐵(tie)(tie)硼永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材(cai)料性(xing)(xing)(xing)價比(bi)大幅提(ti)升(sheng)，使質優、價廉(lian)的釹(nv)鐵(tie)(tie)硼永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)在產(chan)業化生產(chan)中得到(dao)了廣(guang)泛(fan)(fan)的應用(yong)(yong)，同(tong)時也促進永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)無(wu)刷(shua)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的性(xing)(xing)(xing)能與結構迅速(su)發展(zhan)。

永磁有(you)刷直流電機

基本原理(li)

有(you)刷(shua)(shua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)的定(ding)子上安(an)(an)裝有(you)固(gu)定(ding)的主(zhu)磁(ci)(ci)極和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)(shua)，轉子上安(an)(an)裝有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞繞組(zu)和換向(xiang)器(qi)。直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)(shua)和換向(xiang)器(qi)進(jin)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞繞組(zu)，產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流所產生(sheng)的磁(ci)(ci)場與主(zhu)磁(ci)(ci)場相互作用產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)轉矩，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)旋轉帶動負(fu)載。由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)(shua)和換向(xiang)器(qi)的存在，有(you)刷(shua)(shua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)的結構復雜(za)，可(ke)靠性差，故(gu)障多一點，維護(hu)工(gong)作量大，壽命短，換向(xiang)火花易產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)干擾。

在有刷(shua)直流電(dian)機的(de)固定部分有磁鐵(tie)，這里稱(cheng)作主磁極;固定部分還有電(dian)刷(shua)。轉動部分有環(huan)形(xing)鐵(tie)芯(xin)和(he)繞在環(huan)形(xing)鐵(tie)芯(xin)上的(de)繞組。

兩極有(you)刷直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)電機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)固定(ding)(ding)部分(定(ding)(ding)子(zi))上(shang)裝(zhuang)設了(le)一對(dui)(dui)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)勵(li)磁(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)靜止的(de)(de)(de)(de)主磁(ci)(ci)極N和(he)(he)S，在(zai)(zai)旋轉部分(轉子(zi))上(shang)裝(zhuang)設電樞鐵芯。定(ding)(ding)子(zi)與(yu)轉子(zi)之間有(you)一氣(qi)隙。在(zai)(zai)電樞鐵芯上(shang)放置(zhi)了(le)由(you)A和(he)(he)X兩根導(dao)體連成的(de)(de)(de)(de)電樞線圈(quan)，線圈(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)首(shou)端(duan)(duan)和(he)(he)末端(duan)(duan)分別連到兩個(ge)圓弧形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)銅片(pian)上(shang)，此銅片(pian)稱為(wei)換(huan)(huan)(huan)向片(pian)。換(huan)(huan)(huan)向片(pian)之間互相絕(jue)緣，由(you)換(huan)(huan)(huan)向片(pian)構成的(de)(de)(de)(de)整體稱為(wei)換(huan)(huan)(huan)向器。換(huan)(huan)(huan)向器固定(ding)(ding)在(zai)(zai)轉軸(zhou)上(shang)，換(huan)(huan)(huan)向片(pian)與(yu)轉軸(zhou)之間亦(yi)互相絕(jue)緣。在(zai)(zai)換(huan)(huan)(huan)向片(pian)上(shang)放置(zhi)著一對(dui)(dui)固定(ding)(ding)不動的(de)(de)(de)(de)電刷B1和(he)(he)B2，當(dang)電樞旋轉時，電樞線圈(quan)通過換(huan)(huan)(huan)向片(pian)和(he)(he)電刷與(yu)外電路(lu)接通(tong)。